Legal Explainers

A mother gives her adult daughter money for a home down payment while the daughter’s partner reviews the gift letter.

Down Payment Gifts in Partition Actions

When one co-owner’s family gives money toward the down payment, it can become a major dispute in a partition action. Here is how courts treat down payment gifts.

A co-owner receiving the more valuable parcel offers an equalization payment to the owner receiving the less valuable parcel.

What is Owelty in Partition Law?

When a property can’t be divided into equal-value parts, the court can order owelty, a payment from the co-owner who receives more to the one who receives less.

Two tenants in common hold matching house keys and a deed showing different ownership shares in one home.

What is Tenancy in Common?

Tenancy in common is the most common and default form of co-ownership in California. Here is how it works and how it differs from joint tenancy.

A striped partition referee signs the deed under a court order so a property sale can close.

Partition Referees in California

A California partition referee carries out a court-ordered sale or division of co-owned property. Learn what referees do, how they are selected and paid, and how a sale can proceed when a co-owner refuses to cooperate. Includes a California referee directory.